Computer literacy is a necessity of the modern world. It is a well-known fact that the Internet is a blessing in disguise as a means of communication or a powerful means of communication. A person who is able to perform computer related work skillfully in the work of a private or public institution is not only important but also very important.
The course material presented in this book about computer through pictures, diagrams, tables etc. is appealing to every novice Has the ability to do. With the introduction of a comprehensive holistic training up to computer network and internet, the arrangement of homework and practical homework at the end of each chapter will be very useful.
Candidates wishing to join government jobs need a ccc + certificate. At that time, the curriculum of Babasaheb Ambedkar Open University has proved to be valuable as an enriched study material in the entire state. I would like to express my pleasure and gratitude to the authors and counselors who have prepared the syllabus.
▪️Computers Introduction.
Humans are amazing creatures. He keeps inventing miracles. He is always trying to make his life a cause. The journey that started from the Stone Age to make life easier can now reach the digital information based information age. Digital information is a computer based electronic information system. Each type of work is based on obtaining information, using information, managing information and communicating information to others. Computers have the ability to process and store information properly.
As the years go by, computers become smaller and more capable of storing information. Apart from the computer without keyboard and mouse, an embedded computer has been invented which has all the tools of our daily use like vcr, automobile, plane, train, power plant, library, bank, cinema, space center and toys. Yes embedded computers are so small that they affect every moment of our lives. Even in todays age traffic lights, metro trains, airplanes or even giant ships are computer powered.
◼️Types of computers.
▪️Digital computers.
A computer that uses zero and one i.e. binary system is called a digital computer. Expresses information such as letters or symbols in binary form. This type of computer performs functions such as controlling industrial processes and machine functions, regulating large amounts of business data, analyzing or copying.
▪️Analog computers.
This type of computer uses a precise combination of amplitude, current, frequency of voltage, i.e. this machine represents statistics as a quantity of constantly changing physical results.
▪️hybrid computer.
This type of computer is called a hybrid computer as it uses zero and one i.e. binary system and a fine combination of voltage amplitude, current or frequency i.e. both digital and analog technology.
▪️ mainframe computer.
These computers, which are very large in size, can store a very large amount of information. Can do more than check with more than one user at a time. Many terminals are usually connected to a mainframe computer, which looks like a tiny computer but is just a device that receives and sends information from the original computer using a wire.
▪️ A mini computer.
These computers are smaller in size and even less expensive than mainframe computers. It stores a wide range of information. These computers are used in medium or small scale business.
▪️ Microcomputers.
This type of computer is the most prevalent computer. They are easy to use and affordable. It is usually used for everyday tasks, business tasks or personal tasks. This type of computer is also used for everyday transactions. This type of computer system uses a keyboard, monitor and mouse.
▪️input.
The computer has to give instructions to do any kind of work. Arrangements are made in such a way that the computer accepts the user to execute and calculate the instructions given. This system of input helps in entering the data and instructions in the computer which is called input unit or work. The units to be detected are called input devices. Mouse, keyboard, scanner etc. as examples.
▪️Memory.
The information entered by the input device is stored in the computers memory.
▪️Processor.
The information stored in the computers memory is processed by a processing unit or processor.
▪️output.
The resulting product at the end of the process in the processing unit is presented to the user using the output unit. Example of output device: monitor, printer, plotter etc.
▪️ cpu.
The cpu is the most important part of a computer system. The cpu is divided into three parts.
▪️ Control unit.
The control unit is a part of the cpu. The function of Cu is to bring out the information stored in memory. Decock it to see if the instructions are implemented. Or take the help of alu when needed. Thus the control unit takes responsibility for all the work of the device and gives the output.
▪️ AlU.
Alu is a part of a computer that performs various religious functions and performs mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. is a high-speed digital circuit that solves calculations and also makes comparisons.
▪️ Storage.
Humans store any information in the brain and remember it when needed. In the same way a computer stores information or data. Memory or storage is a part of a computer. In which data or instructions are stored. Computer memory has two main parts.
▪️ RAM.
Yes, memory is a kind of volatile memory in which information is stored and can be accessed quickly. Volatile memory means electricity is required to access information in such memory. Stored data cannot be retrieved if electricity is not available during that time.
Dynamic memory also stores enough information. Dynamic love has to be repeated thousands of times every second. It is slower and cheaper than static.
▪️ROM.
It allows reading only from the computer. It is the type of memory that stores data and instructions at the time of production. That information can be stored permanently. The information contained in it is preserved even if the computer is turned off. Data cannot be modified or difficult to modify in ROM. ROM is suitable for storing data that cannot be modified. ROM stores data forever. It stores information even when there is no electricity.
▪️ Hard drive.
A hard disk is a magnetic disk. It is arranged in a strong box. Which is called a hard drive. This hard drive is configured in a CPU box. The computer can read and write text on the hard disk as instructed. The hard disk stores all the information in its magnetic area. So even if the power goes off or the computer stops talking, the information stored here is never erased. Hence it is called a local storage device. Hard disks are faster than floppy disks. External hard drives that can be connected to the CPU from the outside via the USE port are available in the market for more data transfer.
▪️Pen drive.
Pen drives make it possible to keep data longer. Is a highly durable storage device. It does not require any software to use and is compatible with most computers. A pen drive can be easily used in any place independently due to its small size of students, professionals, teaching artisans.
▪️Mousem.
mausam is the most popular processing device. It is a very popular cursor control tool. The mouse usually has two buttons, the left and the right, in the middle of the scalbar. The mouse can be used to control the cursor on the screen.
▪️ Lightpen.
The light pen is a pointing device similar to Hay. It is useful for displaying selections from menu titles or drawing pictures on the monitor screen. Which sends the corresponding signal to the cpu.
▪️ Scanner.
A scanner is a device used to copy paper information to a hard disk. The copied information can be edited with the help of software.
▪️Digitizer.
DG Laser has converted analog information to digital form. It can be used to create a picture by computer. It converts graphics and pictorial information into binary input.
▪️Touch screen.
The touch screen allows the user to communicate with the computer by touching pictures or words on the screen. Sensitive to human touch. The touch screen kit includes a touch screen panel, controller and hardware driver. The touch screen can be used by turning the hand or finger on the screen. A tablet or smart phone touch screen is a prevalent device.
▪️Microphone.
A micro phone is used to store input sound in digital form. Microphone ek alti is useful for mixing music that add sound to media presentation.
▪️Output device.
Output devices are computer hardware tools that come in the form of computer-processed information and output. Here we get information about some output devices. Output mainly consists of monitor, printer, plotter, projector and speaker.
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